hi all
put a voodoo 60103 cam in my 78 and wanted to know what to set the timing at? should I set it to 8 BTDC?
thanks
pete
[QUOTE=anips]Use a dial back timing light,set it at 36 deg, take the motor to 3000 rpm with the vac adv. disconnected, when the mark on the dampner reads O on timing tab lock the dist. there, hook up vac. adv, might have to reset idle,check inst. timing by turning dial on light back to O, check timing at idle ,take the car and wring it out,see what happens, should be real close[/QUOTE]
anips.. no disrespect but I dont like this method.. you get your timing good for 3000 but not for idle..
most of us drive street cars and therefore we want the best off idle response .. so the best way is to tune your idle timing to the best.. then use springs of different strengths to tune your timing at later rpms.
if you had a distributor where the springs had not been replaced recently (which most people do) getting the timing to 36 at 3K could leave your initial timing at an incredibly low level.. and kill your off idle response.
my problem isnt with the total timing concept.. my problem is that the method you described involves using an arbitrary figure.. of 36-38 in about 3000 RPM...
while this is a good starting point.. it isnt exact for every engine...
fuel quality, aluminum heads, individual variations in an engine block all affect your detonation threshold
if your timing springs are worn you will get your timing advanced too quick.. too strong it comes in too late.
so for example i have a worn 20 yr old dist that ive never changed springs in.. i get my timing to 36 @ 3000.. then check it at idle and its at 4 BTDC.. this is too low at idle.. even though it is correct at 3K
say i put some brand new strong springs in.. i get the timing to 36 @ 3000 and then drop it down to idle and its at 20 BTDC.. too high at idle..
so the problem i have is using an abitrary figure that is the "safe bet" for most engines and then trying to work backwards from there to get the idle timing right is a pain.
I prefer to work the other way around.. get the timing set at idle correctly.. using vacuum.. not just some arbitrary figure with a light.. then tuning the timing curve from there..
I really dont use a light for tuning.. i use it for reference after ive tuned.. or if im going to put things back exactly like it was.. but when retuning I dont use them. I set the idle timing by vacuum.. then use springs/weights/bushings to adjust the ramp rate from there.. I have tuned cars that detonatated above 34 deg @3K .. and ive tuned ones that didnt detonate until 41 @3K..
everyone has their method for doing this.. I think mine is a reliable and easy method for tuning every bit of timing you can get out of your car.. my grandfather and father taught me this method.. every person ive taught it too loves it.. if done right and thoroughly you will get every last bit of performance you can get.
if im working on joe blows 4 door sedan.. ill set it with a light and maybe give it a few more degrees at idle.. but ill use a safe arbitrary figure. when i tune my car... the light doesnt get used until im ready to record the timing figures for the current config.
[QUOTE=anips]in your post you stated weak springs would give you 4 BTDC and strong springs would give you 20 BTDC at Idle, you have it backwards, weak springs would allow the weights to extend outwards easier than strong springs giving you more advance, [/QUOTE]
you miss my point.. think of it this way.. i set a car with weak spring to 10 at idle.. and it gets to 36 @ 2600 rpm... now take the same one with strong springs.. it gets to 36 @ 3400 rpm.. so if I set the timing to 36 @ 3000 the strong strings car will be too high at idle and the weak springs car too low.. you are saying adjust your timing by turning the distributor to get your timing right at 3000 rpm.. when you do this it will change your idle timing. this is indisputable.
[QUOTE=anips]fact # 2, weights and springs play no role in initial timing and off idle responce, the reason for that is on most stock distributors the weights don't start to extend out thus advancing the timing until somewhere around 1200-1600 rpm,[/QUOTE]
my point exactly.. set you initial/idle timing to the best value for off idle response.. then use springs/weights to get to 36 @ 3000 if that is where you want to be.
[QUOTE=anips]you are setting the total and initial at the same time and getting a starting point if the initial is in question and adjust from there, now, this is my story and I'am sticking to it[/QUOTE]
I have no idea where you got the idea that i said set them both at the same time.
this is how i do it
this example is with an MSD dist.
set INITIAL timing to the minimum required to get peak MANIFOLD vacuum. you can turn your initial up further without vacuum increasing... dont do this. turn it back down until it drops from peak.. then back up to barely reach peak.
this gives you the BEST off idle response. the timing light figure from this will vary based on a number of factors. lets just use mine as an example. 15 deg at idle.
then i usually take the second weakest springs and second smallest limit bushing and install them in the distributor. I drive the car.. i let it warm up.. and then drive it up hill with it floored.. if I get detonation early but it clears up.. i use the next stronger springs.. if i get detonation and it doesnt clear up i use a larger limit bushing.
i keep doing this until i get no detonation.. on my 427 i am using the third weakest spring combo and the second smallest limit bushing..
I have great off idle response.. and great accleration through the power band.
so to summarize.. I set the IDLE timing and lock it down with the dist adjustment bolt.. then adjust wieghts/springs/bushings from there..
the way you are describing it is to set your timing to be correct at 3000 rpm... and live with the consequences of what it will do to your idle timing.
I say adjust your initial timing first.. then use weights/springs for adjust your high rpm timing.
ADDED
I have no idea what the timing light would say my timing is @ 3000.. not that a cheap timing light is worth a damn for accuracy anyway.. I have access to a snap-on light that was just calibrated.. i took a reading from a car with it and compared to three other timing lights.. not a one of them was within 2 degrees..
I dont really know or care what the light would say at 3K.. what i do know is that when manifold vacuum is highest at idle.. the engine is "hungriest" for more fuel. this improves off idle response. there is a state that can be reached where timing and idle mix cause vaccum to be at its highest at idle.
then i also know that if I change my limit bushing to the smallest one.. i reach a threshold where it will always detonate.. i know it if put in the next weaker set of springs.. that i will detonate early.. and then even out..
so does it matter that it probably is not set to 36-38 at 3000... not really.. its as aggressive as my particular car will run... and thats all im concerned about.
some math to helpout..
assuming idle timing set to 10 btdc @ 1000 by light or vacuum.
weak spring car using figures in previous post..
this car gets 36 @ 2600 so it gains 26 deg over 1600 rpm or 1.625/100
so at 3000 it would be @ 42.5
turn this down to 36 at 3000 and you have shifted the total and initial timing both back by 6.5 degrees... leaving your idle timing at 3.5 which will run like a DEAD DOG..
now for the strong spring car..
it gains 26 degrees over 2400 rpm or 1.083/100
so at 3000 it would be 31.66 deg btdc.. then shifting this 4.33 ahead to get to 36 @ 3000 also advances your idle timing up 4.33 degrees.. this leaves you at 14.33 which is too high for most mild engines on pump gas.
contrast with this.. lets just assume for sake of argument that you had the car with weak springs (as most people with 20+ year old cars who havent replaced them do)
lets assume you set it to peak vacuum and it comes out to 10 deg btdc for idle timing. here you lock the timing adjustment bolt down and leave it alone. you rev the car to 3000 and the timing light read 42.5 degrees total...... then you get a new spring kit and change out your springs until you find a set that gets you to 36 @ 3000
when you drop it back to idle.. it is still correct.. when you rev it back up to 3000 it is still correct. no guessing. at this point it is CORRECT.. not pretty close.. and you have the best off idle response.. and 36 deg @ 3000
i just looked at the msd spring and bushing chart to guestimate what my timing is..
I know initial is 15.. (measured with calibrated snap-on light)
im not using a vacuum advance...
im using the silver limit bushing.. which gives me upto 25 degrees on centrifugal timing.. for a TOTAL timing of 40
and im using the two light blue springs in the MSD kit..
i reach 36 degrees around 2700 and i reach my peak of 40 at around 3600
here are the instruction for selecting an advance curve from MSD..
they suggest setting initial as high as you can go.. then using springs to adjust as well..
Hi All,
my 78 has the stock dist.
and I know the adv spring are shot .
I wanted to know what to set it as a starting point and then I can play around with it.
thanks for all the extra info its stuff i never knew!!!!!
pete k
Well not to add to the debate, but Cam design, cam timing, engine stroke, plug type, plug gap, dwell time and coil type can be added into the mix to what an engine likes for timing. I'm not one for picking one way to time over another. I prefer to stick to initial, plus what ever is designed or set into my distributor and stick to a total advance.
I have never set timing the way Ben has described it, but it makes 100% sense to me. IF you think about it using manifold vacuum is the best way to set fuel air mixture on a carb at idle. However since I have never set dist advance as Ben has described I'm not sure how that would affect carb tuning. I guess what I am saying is I'm not sure how I would go about tackling which task first.
I have always set timing first and then went about tuing the carb. If you adjust the distributor first and tune it for max vacuum you would have to do some adjustment on carburetor, because rpm will rise as vacuum rises. so if you lower the idle rpm then I would suspect you would need to come back and adjust distributor again. I guess you could keep going back and forth like you do with a carb until the idle speed and distributor adjustment balance out and no changes occur to engine vacuum. Then from that point you could work on idle air fuel ratio for engine vacuum.
Ben, can you give me some insight because the ideal of tuning distributor advance is new to me and i'm not sure how carb tuning would play into that mix. You would think after working at Holley all these years I would have hear this method, but I have not and I would like to be educated and possibly learn something new.
Thanks.
Yes, if you set the carb, then the timing, you will have to reset the carb again. And then that does mean you may need to recheck the timing. When you get them close to each other, you won't see one changing the other any more. But if they are way off, the differences can be huge. It is a balancing act. Everything is. Does this mean more work to get it just right? Yes. No way around it.
Part of the hang up between Ben and Joe comes with procedure. Joe is looking at 3000 RPM as a set point. Ben is not. Ben is using a entirely different method. Ben is looking for peaks. Joe may not find peaks at 3000 rpm, depending on the distributor settings. It MIGHT peak at 3000, it may be way past, and it may not have gotten to peak yet.
Joe is setting max mechanical advance up from inital. Ben is setting max timing, then adjusting mechanical advance back down to inital.
Both are say similar things, and getting similar results. Both methods work. But Joe is assuming the 36 is ideal at 3000 rpm. It may be, but may not depending on compression, ignition system, cam, etc. Ben's method take into account for all of these. Joe's is long run easier. Ben's takes more fiddling to get the weights and advance limits correct. You can't forget the vacuum advance. Without creating a specfic number, Ben takes that into account as well.
Bottom line, Joe's is easier to follow, and will create good results that will improve the way the engine runs, but leaves a few thing to assumptions. It deals with hard numbers. Ben's is more of a pain to make multiple test, but as a result does not make the assumptions that hard numbers can lead you into. But it does take the particular engine, car, drivetrain, weight, etc, and therfore may or may not make even more power.
One way helps a lot. The other way could buy not might help more. Are you after Big improvements, or absolute maximum improvements. Does this mean you might set the peak with vacuum and find the inital is too far off to get the car started when warm? Sure. Then you change initial weight stops and springs, and try again. Yes, more fiddling. And when you get all done, you may need a different carb set up. Possibly a jetting change. Of course that could screw up timing response. Again, it's a balancing act.
You could set up one engine perfect, and change the final drive or tire size and it would change. Lighter or heavier cars need different settings in identical built engines. And when we build engines there are hundrends of variations within the engine itself. There are no hard and fast rules. Just good guildlines. Most of us will never go that far. Serious racers do, and usually on a dyno. I'm still backing up Ben.
You know I have to say this is the kind of thread I really enjoy. You can learn alot from "listening" to experienced and knowlegeable folks going back and forth. It never gets boring around here.
Rgds
Neil
You do the same thing you do with any drivability problem. You fix it. If you are setting everything in a stock engine to spec, and doing a basic tune all of the problems you sited could still be there. And it won't run right or work properly no matter what. You have those problems, you fix them. Very basic.
And the numbers you site from "everyone in Chevy land" are very much good numbers, as I said before. I don't dispute them. They will make almost any engine run quite well. I do highly recommend your procedure. You gave good advice. But when you make engine mods, things change. You cannot predict those changes unless you have been there before. Are those good numbers for every engine made? Of course not. Why? Different designs. You change designs, you can but may not, change those numbers. Then what do you do? Set it there and assume it's the best you can get? Maybe it is. In many cases it will be. But not always.
A very good friend of mine used to build and run NHRA. His engines are Chevy, but don't even come close to those numbers. Very modified granted, but what do folks with very modified engines do? They run it, test it, and adjust it until they get the best results. That's what Ben is doing.
You know I have to say this is the kind of thread I really enjoy. You can learn alot from "listening" to experienced and knowlegeable folks going back and forth. It never gets boring around here.
Rgds
Neil
[/QUOTE]
It's even kind of depressing......just when you thought you started to make some headway toward understanding the internal combustion engine, a thread like this comes along. Oh well, must press on. This has got to be one of the most informative exchanges I've ever experienced. Thank you, all.
JR
Joe, on the slightly worn engine you site, I would use your method, not Bens. All of those wear factors are going to have an affect. Not many folks are not going to tear down the engine that's a bit tired. And I don't blame them. I have driven a lot of older tired engines and had no interest in making them run like new, or better. They just won't do it. But they are still quite servicable, and could go a long time. These engines don't get Ben's method. The results could actually be worse. You do the best with what you have.
But when we are speaking of peak power and peformance, you have to consider if that's the priority, someone would do the work and freshen up the engine and bring it back to new condition, and perform some modifications. Then Ben's method wins.
So it comes down to what is trying to be done. Do the best with a bit of wear? Nothing wrong with that, I have done it many times for many people. Myself included. Then your method wins. Or perhaps just bone stock specs is the better way to go for stock engines in aged condition. There are times when I intentionally did not want the engine to produce more power. I didn't think it would hold up, and set it with that in mind. Just wanted it to run well and survive.
Nothing is always right. It depends on the situation at hand, and the goal to be reached.
Look back through the first page of this topic. Ben has described it there. I believe it's the 9 post down from the start of this thread.
I wish I had a g-force meter. That would be a lot of fun. And interesting.
[QUOTE=anips]Ken, the numbers I used are hard numbers used by GM and just about every one else in Chevy land, never the less, the question I have is with Ben's method what if maybe you have a bad hole or two, maybe some leaky or burnt valves, weak valve springs,some worn guides,or a hidden vac. leak somewhere, marginal carb,can't forget a leaky head gasket, then what do you do? [/QUOTE]
fix them !!
kens assertion is right.. do i waste all this time to tune every last drop of perfomance out of joe blows 84 station wagon.. no way..
but when i tune an engine for me.. yes i do waste this much time..
everytime i make a change i start over.. many times no adjustment is necessary.. but often it is..
i just recently did this on my 80 chevy 4x4 truck.. when i put a new intake on.. the cheap light i was using to get it in the ball park until i could get my vac gauge back was so far out of calibration it was miserable..
but after i tuned the truck up properly im able to light up all four mudders in first and second....
its silly.. but its my hobby.. perhaps i should qualify some of my suggestions more.. my method is time consuming and a pain in the a$$... but in my experience.. if you follow the procedure you will make more power and have better off the line response.
as for whether you adjust the carb then timing or timing then carb.. it doesnt matter.. i go through them a couple of times until they are both peaked simultaneously..
OK,
well i tried to set my timing today, @3000rpm my timing was 56 BTDC.
so i adj the dist to 36 BTDC set the idle back at 750rpm and checked my base timing it was 8 ATDC, i would think i may need a new dist?
what do you guys think? the diat has ALOT of miles on it.
thanks
pete kennedy
hi,
yes i did it as you said wth my snap-on timing light,
it just about ran. is it poss the dampener has shifted on the rubber cushion?
pete
If the dampner shifted, it probably would not have the wide span of readings you have. It would be low or high in both ranges, not just one. Unless the dampner was constantly shifting, but then you would pick that up due to inconsistant readings.
Another possibility is slop in the timing chain or wear in the gear at the base of the distributor.
At 8 deg ATDC it has to be a real dog.
hi all,
the timing chain and gears and new, but i did pull the dist and the springs and weights were just about on there, ready to fall off.
so i guess i will get a new dist.
thanks for all the help!!
pete
I hooked a vac. meter to my intake and it bounced from about 14 to 16. I did plug advance but nothing else. After moving the dist., it now bounces between 15 and 18. Shouldn't I be getting more of a steady reading? What would be making it fluctuate? It did seem to run better for a tired old original engine. Any ideas? Thanks for any help..........
I know the voices aren't real, but they have some pretty cool ideas...
The vacuum fluctuations can be caused by a few different things.
Worn and leaking valves, low compression, vacuum leak on a intake runner, weak valve spring, worn cam lobe.
Quite a list. Some testing is in order starting with a vacuum leak check, then a compression test, followed by a leak down test. Of course if you find a vac leak, you may not need to go further.
Thanks Ken. I figured there wasn't going to be an easy answer. I probably have all those ailments! I think I'll continue with plans to get another one built and mothball this original engine. Appreciate the reply..... Dwain
I know the voices aren't real, but they have some pretty cool ideas...